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Long before European voyages reached Asia, China had already built a powerful tradition of exploration and naval innovation. Between the 10th and 15th centuries, Chinese sailors, merchants, and diplomats traveled vast distances—sometimes farther than most people realize.
Key Highlights:
1. The Song Dynasty (960–1279) developed advanced shipbuilding, including magnetic compasses, watertight bulkheads, and multi-masted ships.
2. Chinese merchants sailed across the South China Sea, Indian Ocean, and as far as the Persian Gulf and East Africa for trade and cultural exchange.
3. The famous voyages of Zheng He (1405–1433) under the Ming Dynasty showcased China’s naval power, with massive treasure fleets visiting Southeast Asia, India, Arabia, and the Swahili Coast.
4. These expeditions spread Chinese influence, boosted trade networks, and established diplomatic ties across continents.
China’s early maritime achievements show a rich history of exploration long before the age of European expansion.
Author: Saikat Bhattacharya
